{"id":3060,"date":"2025-09-08T10:35:56","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T10:35:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/?post_type=notes&#038;p=3060"},"modified":"2025-09-08T10:36:00","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T10:36:00","slug":"unit-2-6-communication","status":"publish","type":"notes","link":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/notes\/unit-2-6-communication\/","title":{"rendered":"Unit 2.6- Communication"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>What is Communication?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Communication<\/strong>\u00a0is the process of transferring information between parties. Managers play a crucial role in communicating with both internal and external stakeholders.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The purposes of communication include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Instructing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clarifying<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Interpreting<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Notifying<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Warning<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Receiving feedback<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Reviewing<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Informing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>What is Effective Communication?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Effective communication is essential for business success.<\/strong>\u00a0It ensures that employees understand their roles and expectations, and it allows managers to gather feedback and make informed decisions.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ultimately, effective communication helps people better understand and control their work.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Channel of Communication<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The term channel of communication refers to the method(s) through which communication takes place. For example, large retail businesses that want to announce an end-of-season sales promotion might choose to use television and\/or newspaper advertising.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>What is Formal and Informal Communication?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Formal communication<\/strong>\u00a0refers to official channels of communication within an organization. It is directly related to work matters and can be categorized as:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Open channels:<\/strong>\u00a0Information is not confidential and can be shared widely.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Restricted channels:<\/strong>\u00a0Information is confidential and limited to specific individuals.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Informal communication<\/strong>, also known as <strong>grapevine communication<\/strong>, refers to unofficial and unstructured communication channels that exist among informal groups within an organization. These communications are not subject to organizational formalities and can occur naturally due to shared interests.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Informal communication can be<\/strong><strong><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Spoken<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Written<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conveyed through body language or physical gestures<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Verbal Conversation<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Verbal communication<\/strong>\u00a0involves the use of spoken words to convey information. It is a common and effective form of communication in businesses, used for various purposes such as:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Giving instructions or information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Discussing problems in meetings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Conducting job interviews and appraisals<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Delivering presentations<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Having informal conversations<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Advantages of Verbal Communication Include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Low cost<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Quick feedback<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Assessment of communication skills<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disadvantages of Verbal Communication Include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Lack of a permanent record<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Potential for misinterpretation<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time-consuming nature of meetings and interviews<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Written Communication<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Written communication<\/strong>\u00a0is the use of written words to convey information. It provides a permanent record and can be used for various purposes, including:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Letters:<\/strong>\u00a0Formal documents used for internal and external communication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Memorandum (Memos):<\/strong>\u00a0Informal notes for internal communication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Reports:<\/strong>\u00a0Formal documents presenting research findings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Notices:<\/strong>\u00a0Announcements for a range of people.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Executive Summaries:<\/strong>\u00a0Condensed versions of reports.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Abstracts:<\/strong>\u00a0Summaries of reports without recommendations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Research Proposals:<\/strong>\u00a0Documents outlining research plans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Advantages of Written Communication Include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Permanent record<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Clear and detailed information<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Can be used for confidential messages<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Disadvantages of Written Communication Include:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Time-consuming to produce<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Potential for delays in response<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Storage challenges<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Visual Communication<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Visual communication<\/strong>\u00a0uses visual stimuli to convey information or ideas. It can be more effective than words because:<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is easier to understand.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It is often cheaper to produce.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It caters to visual learners.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>It can have a longer-lasting impact.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Types of Visuals Include:<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Bar charts:<\/strong>\u00a0Show frequencies and comparisons.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pie charts:<\/strong>\u00a0Express percentages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Info-graphics:<\/strong>\u00a0Combine text and graphics.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Line graphs:<\/strong>\u00a0Show time-series data.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Histograms:<\/strong>\u00a0Show historical data and trends.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Videos:<\/strong>\u00a0Use moving images to communicate messages.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Non-verbal Communication<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Non-verbal communication<\/strong>\u00a0refers to any form of communication that doesn&#8217;t involve spoken words. It includes electronic systems, written methods, and visual stimuli.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Examples of Non-Verbal Communication Include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Electronic mail (email):<\/strong>\u00a0A fast and efficient method for transmitting data electronically.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Videoconferencing:<\/strong>\u00a0Allows for virtual meetings between people in different locations.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mobile devices:<\/strong>\u00a0Smartphones and tablets used for various communication purposes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Advantages of Non-Verbal Communication:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Speed and efficiency<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cost-effective<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Global reach<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Disadvantages of Non-Verbal Communication:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Setup costs for technology<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Security risks<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Technical issues<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lack of personal touch in some cases<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\"><strong>Barriers to Communication<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Communication barriers<\/strong>\u00a0are any factors that can hinder the effectiveness of communication. These barriers can limit or impede the transfer of information and can lead to various negative consequences for businesses.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Common Barriers to Communication Include:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>High costs:<\/strong>\u00a0Insufficient funding for communication networks or training.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Technological breakdowns:<\/strong>\u00a0Computer failures, viruses, or crashes.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Jargon:<\/strong>\u00a0Use of technical language that is not understood by others.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fear of technology:<\/strong>\u00a0Resistance to using ICT for communication.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Geographical distance:<\/strong>\u00a0Physical distance between sender and receiver.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Internal politics:<\/strong>\u00a0Conflicts within the organization.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Poor presentation skills:<\/strong>\u00a0Inability to effectively convey messages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Negative body language:<\/strong>\u00a0Unfriendly or off-putting gestures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Inaccurately transmitted gossip:<\/strong>\u00a0Informal communication can distort messages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Physiological barriers:<\/strong>\u00a0Hearing or sight impairments.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cultural ignorance:<\/strong>\u00a0Lack of understanding of different cultures.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Language proficiency:<\/strong>\u00a0Limited language skills.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Consequences of poor communication include:<\/strong><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Low morale:<\/strong>\u00a0Employees may feel undervalued and demotivated.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Errors and mistakes:<\/strong>\u00a0Inefficient work leading to increased costs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Loss of competitiveness:<\/strong>\u00a0Reduced productivity and increased costs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Lack of coordination and control:<\/strong>\u00a0Difficulty in managing tasks and achieving objectives.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>What is Communication? The purposes of communication include: What is Effective Communication? Channel of Communication What is Formal and Informal Communication? Informal communication can be Verbal Conversation Advantages of Verbal Communication Include: Disadvantages of Verbal Communication Include: Written Communication Advantages of Written Communication Include: Visual Communication Types of Visuals Include: Non-verbal Communication Examples of Non-Verbal [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":0,"template":"","subject":[86],"unit":[102],"class_list":["post-3060","notes","type-notes","status-publish","hentry","subject-business-management","unit-unit-2"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notes\/3060","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/notes"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/notes"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3060"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"subject","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/subject?post=3060"},{"taxonomy":"unit","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acmeitsolutions.net\/ibcognito\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/unit?post=3060"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}